Economics of Willow Pyrolysis After Phytoextraction

The Campine is a vast cross-border area in the northeast of Belgium and southeast of the Netherlands that has been contaminated with heavy metals. As traditional excavation techniques are too expensive, phytoremediation is preferred. Economically viable conversion techniques for the biomass are researched in order to lower reclamation costs and to guarantee the income of the local farmers, mainly cultivating roughage for dairy cattle rearing. Energy generation by means of pyrolysis of willow from short-rotation coppice seems to be very interesting. This article aims to search for the maximum possible biomass price so that the net present value of the profits stemming from energy conversion based on pyrolysis is at least positive.     

文县疣螈资源现状、威胁因素及保护对策

文县疣螈Tylototriton wenxianensis分布在文县、平武、青川、阆中、奉节和雷山,但只有文县、青川、平武3县相连成片,为岷山栖息地,面积约1800km2,数量约30000条。文县疣螈对海拔1000～1400m的潮湿陆地森林或泥底的水域环境选择较强,以森林或林缘地带积水不深、植被良好、基底多泥的小水塘为繁殖发育场所。文县疣螈面临茶园扩张、薪柴、干旱和分布区狭窄的威胁。调整茶叶发展战略,加强林地保护,推动茶叶集约化加工,研制并推广小型节能炒茶炉,人工增建小泥塘,保护和扩大最适栖息地,资助社区保护组织是缓解这些威胁的有效对策。     

失神经骨骼肌萎缩的研究现状及进展

当今骨科领域,周围神经损伤一直影响着患者疗效。肌萎缩的发生,细胞凋亡导致骨骼肌萎缩,神经-肌肉接头处营养因子的代谢发生障碍,肌卫星细胞的减少,生长因子以及线粒体和各种酶的变化都是失神经骨骼肌萎缩的机制。电刺激法,保护神经元,生长因子,神经植入提高神经再生速度以及被动活动可以有效治疗患者。失神经骨骼肌萎缩的研究进展也趋于完善。     

潍坊市公立医院卫生人才流失的现状分析及对策研究

目的 对公立医院卫生人才流失现状进行实证研究,分析其原因并提出相应对策。方法 采用分层抽样方法对潍坊市29家公立医院卫生人才进行问卷调查。结果 公立医院卫生人才流失现象较为普遍,流失率为30.9%,流失原因多为个人发展、薪酬、执业环境。结论 应采取相应对策提高公立医院卫生人才的稳定性,完善相应的管理机制,规范人才的合理流动。     

从文献计量看个性化医学国际发展态势

该文选取当前生物医学发展的前沿领域——个性化医学领域,以美国科技信息所科学引文指标数据库(SCI-Expanded)为信息源,德温特数据分析家(Thomson Data Analyzer)为工具,对1999?2009年间,全球个性化医学研究领域发表的论文进行了文献计量学分析,以了解世界个性化医学的发展态势,为我国提升个性化医学的研究提供参考依据。     

基于多目标灰色局势决策的三峡库区防护林类型空间优化配置

基于2007年Landsat TM遥感影像和影响防护林的主导环境因子,对三峡库区的森林立地进行分类,并通过选取水源涵养量、生物量和林分生产力3个指标,利用多目标灰色局势决策模型对库区现有的针叶林、阔叶林、针阔混交林和灌木林4种防护林类型进行空间优化配置.结果表明： 2007年,三峡库区森林立地可划分为40种类型;空间配置优化后,研究区针叶林、阔叶林、针阔混交林和灌木林的面积比例分别为32.55%、29.43%、34.95%和3.07%.与优化前相比,优化后针叶林和灌木林的面积比例分别减少了8.79%和28.55%,阔叶林和针阔混交林分别增加了10.23%和27.11%.通过防护林类型的空间优化,三峡库区整体的水源涵养能力、生物量和林分生产力分别增加14.09×10⁸ m³、0.35×10⁸ t和1.08×10⁶ t.     

世界森林立地研究的现状与发展趋势

从植被因子、自然地理因子、综合多因子和数量因子4种途径对世界森林立地研究的现状进行了综述.对比分析了各代表学派(方法)产生的历史背景、基本原理、具体方法、适用条件,并指出未来世界森林立地研究的发展趋势.     

Interpretation of light scattering associated with prolonged neural activity and temperature changes

Changes in light scattering from lobster giant axon which accompany the action potential were observed during periods of prolonged stimulation and as a function of temperature. At an initial temperature of 10°C most (more than 90%) axons produced positive light scattering signals which increased in amplitude when the temperature was lowered. At 2 and 5°C approximately half of the axons produced positive scattering signals. The remaining half produced negative scattering signals which became positive when the temperature was raised to 10°C. The amplitude of the negative signals followed sigmoid transition to positive values as a function of time. The time and temperature dependence of the signal are interpreted in terms of differential changes between the indices of refraction of the membrane matrix and the open or closed early activation channel.     

Economic and environmental feasibility of beef production in different feed management systems in the Pampa biome,southern Brazil

The economic and environmental sustainability of beef cattle from pasture use and preservation in specific biomes is still not well evaluated. In this context, the study of the feasibility of beef production in the Pampa biome stands out because of its relevance in southern Brazil. Thus, this paper aims not only to know the amount of greenhouse gases emitted in different feeding management systems of beef cattle, but also to evaluate the economic and environmental feasibility of that production. Seven typical production systems in the region were considered, and it was aimed to determine which one would be the most viable in the environmental and economic perspective. To achieve this aim, the paper was developed in two stages: the first considers greenhouse gases emissions calculation in all systems and; the second uses some investment analysis tools, such as the net present value (NPV), the internal rate of return (IRR) and the annualized profitability index (API). According to the results obtained from system production VII it is possible to optimize low greenhouse gases emission of beef production with a significant economic return, under certain feed conditions. Furthermore, the results verified from system production II it is possible to obtain beef production increases without the need of new livestock areas, and contribute to the proper use and preservation of the Pampa biome.     

Effects of Alcohol on Psycho-Technical Tests and Social Communication in a Festive Situation: A Chronopsychological Approach

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of consuming alcoholic vs. nonalcoholic beverages on performance of psycho-technical tasks (attentional and general nonverbal intelligence tasks) and social behavior at different times of day. Both alcoholic and nonalcoholic consumption took place in a largely festive situation. The experiment was conducted on 184 degree-level and postgraduate students (94 female and 90 male) divided into eight independent groups for study at different times: 8:00 to 11:00, 11:00 to 14:00, 14:00 to 17:00, 17:00 to 20:00 h. The main result obtained, by analysis of variance (ANOVA), showed that time of day had no effect on the performance of psycho-technical tasks nor on social communication, except for the retest situation in the attentional task. Alcohol (equal to ?0.5 g/L of blood) facilitated communication, but basically it had no effect on any of the psycho-technical performance tests. For the latter, an interaction was observed between when the test was done and type of beverage consumed. Alcohol appears to alter the expected change in performance in the retest situation. The results suggest that the body's sensitivity to a measured quantity of alcohol differs according to the cognitive processes involved.